ALBAHAR EYE CASUALTY

KERATITIS

2007-06-27T22:47:00.000-07:00

Definition

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea, the transparent membrane that covers the colored part of the eye (iris) and pupil of the eye.

What causes keratitis?

poor contact lens care; overuse of contact lenses
illnesses or other factors that reduce the body's ability to overcome infection
cold sores, genital herpes, and other viral infections
crowded, dirty living conditions; poor hygiene
poor nutrition (especially a deficiency of Vitamin A, which is essential for normal vision)

What are the symptoms of keratitis?

pain and redness in the eye
discomfort when the child looks at a light (photophobia)
tearing, watery eyes, or discharge
blurry vision
feeling as if something is in the eye

Treatment for keratitis:

Specific treatment for keratitis will be determined by your child's physician based on:

* your child's age, overall health, and medical history
* the extent of the disease
* your child's tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
* expectations for the course of the disease
* your opinion or preference

astigmatism

2007-06-23T01:08:00.000-07:00

"What is an astigmatism?" is a question that optometrists hear every day, Astigmatism is the most common vision problem, but most people don't know what it is. It may nearsightedness or farsightedness.

Usually it is caused by an irregularly shaped cornea(called corneal astigmatism). But sometimes it is the result of an irregularly shaped lens, which is located behind the cornea; this is called lenticular astigmatism. Either kind of astigmatism can usually be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses or can be by refractive surgery( lasik ).more detail...

HYPHAEMA

2007-06-22T13:36:00.000-07:00

A hyphaema is common to eye trauma results from damage to blood vessels in the iris with hemorrhage into in front of the anterior chamber. As clotting does not readily occur in the aqueous humour the blood disperses through the anterior chamber where it obscures vision and impairs examination of the fundus. In time, the blood settles and creates a fluid level forms in the anterior chamber.
Usually, the hyphaema disappears within a few days even no treatment. Most of the case of hyphaema is need admission for further examination or to control any complication.

chemical eye burn

2007-06-21T13:12:00.000-07:00

chemical exposure to any part of the eye or eye lid results in chemical eye burn. chemical burn represents 7 to 10 percent of eye injury. 15 % to 20 % of face burn involved at least one eye. severity of burn depend on the substance that cause it or how long the substance had expose to the eye. cornea is very top layer that often affected. The severity of the injury is related to whether the chemical is alkali or acid. Alkali chemicals are more destructive then acidic chemicals because of their ability to adhere to the eye and penetrate tissues.

Alkali- based chemicals

Lime (cement, plaster, whitewash)
Drain cleaners
Lye
Metal polishes
Ammonia
Oven cleaners

Acid-based chemicals

Swimming pool acid (muriatic acid)
Battery (sulfuric) acid

emergency care

After chemical exposure, the first step is to immediately (within seconds) begin flushing the eye with water. If the accident occurs in an industrial setting, special irrigating facilities should be available. If the injury happens at home, begin flushing the eye with water right away, call for help immediately and contact your local ophthalmologist.

First aid at home

Help the patient hold his or her head

over a sink

Gently hold the lids apart with a cotton

swab or dry cloth

Pour water over the eye, making sure to

rinse inside the eyelidsCall your ophthalmologist

cataract

2007-06-14T05:06:00.000-07:00

A cataract is an opacity that develops in the lens of the eye, which lies behind the iris and the pupil.The lens works much like a camera lens, focusing light onto the retina at the back of the eye. The lens also adjusts the eye's focus, letting us see things clearly both up close and far away.
Cataracts develop from a variety of reasons, including long-term ultraviolet exposure,exposure to radiation, secondary effects of diseases such as diabetes, or simply due to advanced age; they are usually a result of Denaturation of lens. genetic factors are often a cause of congenital cataracts and positive family history may also play a role in predisposing someone to cataracts at an earlier age, a phenomenon of "anticipation" in pre-senile cataracts. Cataracts may also be produced by eye injury.

Common symptoms are

Blurry vision
Colors that seem faded
Glare
Not being able to see well at night
Double vision
Frequent prescription changes in your eye wear

Cataracts are classified as one of three types:

A nuclear cataract is most commonly seen as it forms. This cataract forms in the nucleus, the center of the lens, and is due to natural aging changes.
A cortical cataract, which forms in the lens cortex, gradually extends its spokes from the outside of the lens to the center. Many diabetics develop cortical cataracts.
A subcapsular cataract begins at the back of the lens. People with diabetes, high farsightedness,retinitis pigmentosa or those taking high doses of steroids may develop a subcapsular cataract.

TREATMENT OF CATARACT

When symptoms begin to early, you may be able to improve your vision while using new glasses, strong bifocals, appropriate lighting or other visual aids as long as not disturbing your daily activity. In mature cataract it may consider to do surgery. And most history cataract surgery are succesfull to restore vision.

glaucoma

2007-06-06T11:39:00.000-07:00

Glaucoma is symptomatic condition of the eyes which the intra ocular pressure exceed the tolerance of the affected eyes resulting in irreversible visual field defect. It occur more commonly in elderly people. Normal intra ocular pressure is range between 10 to 20 mmhg. The intra ocular pressure increases basically by two factor: a. an increase in formation of the aqueous humour.b, decrease in the drainage of the aqueous humour through the angle of the anterior chamber. The defective drainage may occur due to improper development of the angle of the anterior chamber.( congenital ), obstruction of the trabecular meshwork by particulate material or secondary obstruction of the angle of the anterior chamber by formation of peripheral anterior synechiae, plasmoid aqueous( hypertensive iridocyclitis ) and pupilarry block.

Primary glaucoma

The causes primary glaucoma still unknown may be familial or hereditary trait. The primary glaucoma sub classified into open angle glaucoma which the angle of the anterior chamber more than 20 degree. And closed angle glaucoma less than 20 degree. The angle anterior chamber range is 0 to 45 degree.

Congenital glaucoma

Congenital glaucoma is usually developmental in origin and often by improper cleavage of the anterior chamber.

Secondary glaucoma, result due to some known causes adversely affecting the formation or drainage of aqueous humour. example glaucoma due to uveitis, traumatic glaucoma, and others.

Treatment of glaucoma

The early diagnosis of glaucoma is important to prevent visual defect due to of high pressure. The main aims of management glaucoma is to reduce the intra ocular pressure to normal range which it does not causes damage to optic nerve and cause irreversible visual damage. Most glaucoma patient came to clinic with complaint of headache, pain around eyes, redness, could not sleep due to pain. it is indication that the intra ocular pressure should be check. When the patients have been diagnosed as glaucoma, intra ocular pressure should be reduce to normal level as soon as possible using medication anti glaucoma treatment. If using anti glaucoma treatment the pressure still, consider reduce by surgically

ALBAHAR EYE CASUALTY: dry eyes

2007-06-01T08:02:00.000-07:00

ALBAHAR EYE CASUALTY: dry eyes

dry eyes

2007-05-25T06:06:00.000-07:00

What Causes Dry Eyes?
Dry eyes is condition of the eyes caused by a deficit of/or excessive lachrymal evaporation. this result in abnormalities and associated with following symptom: a feeling of dryness, grittiness, presence of foreign body, eye discomfort and some time burning sensation also. Dry eyes mostly come into people living in the dry weather like middle east, used computer for long period, expose to air condition for a long time, post lasik surgery, and also some diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, prolonged used medication( particularly anti glaucomatous ) and hormone replacement therapy.
Dry eyes therapy :
Lachrymal film substitutes or natural tears are key therapy aimed at increasing the volume of available tears. The purpose is essential that achieving a good lubrication of the eyes.
When tears do not adequately lubricate the eye, a person may experience:
Pain
Light sensitivity
A gritty sensation
A feeling of a foreign body or sand in the eye
Itching
Redness
Blurring of vision

Retinal detactment

2007-05-25T01:07:00.000-07:00

Retinal Detachment is when part of the retina either tears or pulls away (detaches) from the back of the eye. If it does, that part of the retina cannot gather light. Vision loss may occur. Tears or detachment may be caused by aging, an eye injury, or another eye problem.